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Sunday, October 25, 2015

Cow Illnesses That Transfer to Humans//13 Animal-to-Human Diseases Kill 2.2 Million People


Use cow urine to clean hospitals, urges Mumbai corporator
Mid-Day‎ - 1 day ago

 Image result for human diseases caused by cow's urineAnthrax - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
en.wikipedia.org640 × 458Search by image
Cutaneous[

13 Animal-to-Human Diseases Kill 2.2 Million People Each ...

www.livescience.com/21426-global-zoonoses-diseases-hotspots.html
Jul 6, 2012 - Just 13 zoonoses, or diseases that can spread between animals and ... Most human infections with zoonoses come from livestock, including ...


Cow Illnesses That Transfer to Humans | Animals - mom.me

animals.mom.me › Farm Animals
Not all diseases can be transmitted from animals to humans. Those that can make the leap from species to species are called zoonotic diseases. Without proper ...

[PDF]Mycobacterium bovis (Bovine(COW) Tuberculosis) in Humans

www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/general/mbovis.pdf
M. bovis is most commonly found in cattle and other animals such as bison, elk, and deer. In people ... How common is human disease with M. bovis? M. bovis ...

What infections can animals pass to people? - Health ...

www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/2451.aspx
Some human infections from animals are rarely found in the UK, including: ... Q fever – caused by contact with animals, most commonly sheep, cattle and goats, ... ...

Mad Cow Disease in Humans: Symptoms and Treatment

www.emedicinehealth.com › home › infections center › infections az list
Sep 8, 2015 - Mad cow disease is an infectious disease in the brain of cattle. Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD) is the human form of mad cow

Respiratory syncytial virus infections in human beings and ...

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7806887
by WH Van der Poel - ‎1994 - ‎Cited by 111 - ‎Related articles
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes yearly outbreaks of respiratory disease in human beings and cattle all over the world. Most severe human respiratory

Milk-Borne Infectious Diseases From Microbes

infectiousdiseases.about.com/od/g/a/milkborne.htm
May 8, 2015 - M. bovis causes tuberculosis in cows and can be passed to humans via unpasteurized cow's milk, causing a disease that is very similar to M.

Search Results

    [PDF]Mycobacterium bovis (Bovine Tuberculosis) in Humans

    www.cdc.gov/tb/publications/factsheets/general/mbovis.pdf
people was once common in the United States. This has been greatly reduced by decades of disease control in cattle and by routine pasteurization of cow's milk.

Mass Treatment of Humans Who Drank Unpasteurized Milk ...

www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00056759.htm
Mar 26, 1999 - Mass Treatment of Humans Who Drank Unpasteurized Milk from Rabid ... Analysis with monoclonal antibodies revealed the cow was infected ...

Milk of Nonhuman Origin and Infectious Diseases in Humans

cid.oxfordjournals.org/content/43/5/610.full
by JM Leedom - ‎2006 - ‎Cited by 47 - ‎Related articles
Milk is an essential food only in infancy, and human milk is preferable to other milks .... In dairy cows, it causes intestinal carriage, circling disease, encephalitis, ...

Cow's Milk: A Cruel and Unhealthy Product | Animals Used ...

www.peta.org/issues/animals.../cows-milk-cruel-unhealthy-product/
by P Prime - ‎Related articles
While cows suffer on factory farms, humans who drink their milk increase their chances of developing heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and many other ailments.

Zoonotic Diseases of Cattle | Publications and Educational ...

https://pubs.ext.vt.edu/400/400-460/400-460.html
There are fifteen cattle diseases with zoonotic potential in the United States, ... Human brucellosis is prevented by not drinking unpasteurized dairy products, and ...

Dangers Of Milk And Dairy Products - The Facts - Rense.com

www.rense.com/general26/milk.htm
Cows diagnosed with Johne's Disease have diarrhea, and heavy fecal shedding of bacteria. ... So much for cow's milk being "natures perfect food" for humans!

Milk-Borne Infectious Diseases From Microbes

infectiousdiseases.about.com/od/g/a/milkborne.htm
May 8, 2015 - M. bovis causes tuberculosis in cows and can be passed to humans via unpasteurized cow's milk, causing a disease that is very similar to M.

Tuberculosis in humans and animals: are we a threat to ...

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC)
by PDO Davies - ‎2006 - ‎Cited by 16 - ‎Related articles
It was likely that TB transmitted from infected milk to humans was a major ... Infection in cattle leads to economic harm to agriculture as animals cannot be traded.

Cow's Milk is Bad for Humans

www.waoy.org/9.html
Cow's milk is promoted as the "perfect food" for humans, and especially for our children ... for human consumption, and that it can lead to many serious diseases.

Cow's Milk: A Cruel and Unhealthy Product | Animals Used ...

www.peta.org/issues/animals.../cows-milk-cruel-unhealthy-product/
by P Prime - ‎Related articles
While cows suffer on factory farms, humans who drink their milk increase their chances of developing heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and many other ailments.

Dangers Of Milk And Dairy Products - The Facts - Rense.com

www.rense.com/general26/milk.htm
Cows diagnosed with Johne's Disease have diarrhea, and heavy fecal shedding of bacteria. ... So much for cow's milk being "natures perfect food" for humans!

Chemical Composition of Distilled Cow Urine: | Serve Cows

servecows.org/chemical-composition-of-distilled-cow-urine/
Serve Cows · Home; About us ... Urea CO(NH2): Affects urine formation and removal. ... Salt (NaCl): Decreases acidic contents of blood, germicidal. Vitamins A ...Chemical

Composition 

of

Distilled

Cow

Urine

..............................................................................................................
:
Nitrogen (N2, NH2): Removes blood abnormalities and toxins, Natural stimulant of urinary track, activates kidneys and it is diuretic.
Sulphur (S): Supports motion in large intestines. Cleanses blood.
Ammonia (NH3): Stabilize bile, mucus and air of body. Stabilizes blood formation.Copper (Cu): Controls built up of unwanted fats. Iron (Fe): Maintains balance and helps in production of red blood cells & hemoglobin. Stabilizes working power.
Urea CO(NH2): Affects urine formation and removal. Germicidal.
Uric Acid (C5H4N4O3): Removes heart swelling or inflammation. It is diuretic therefore destroys toxins.
Phosphate (P): Helps in removing stones from urinary track.
Sodium (Na): Purifies blood. Antacid.
Potassium (K): Cures hereditary rheumatism. Increases appetite. Removes muscular weakness and laziness.
Manganese (Mn): Germicidal, stops growth of germs, protects against decay due to gangrene.
Carbolic acid (HCOOH): Germicidal, stops growth of germs and decay due to gangrene.
Calcium (Ca): Blood purifier, bone strengthener, germicidal.
Salt (NaCl): Decreases acidic contents of blood, germicidal.
Vitamins A, B, C, D, E: Vitamin B is active ingredient for energetic life and saves from nervousness and thirst, strengthens bones and reproductive ingredient for energetic life and saves from nervousness and thirst, strengthens bones and reproductive power.
Other Minerals: Increase immunity.
Lactose (C6H12O6): Gives satisfaction., strengths heart, removes thirst and nervousness.
Enzymes: Make healthy digestive juices, increase immunity.
Water (H2O): It is a life giver. Maintains fluidity of blood, maintains body temperature.
Hipuric acid (CgNgNox): Removes toxins through urine.
Creatinin (C4HgN2O2): Germicide.
Aurum Hydroxide (AuOH): It is germicidal and increases immunity power. AuOH is highly antibiotic and anti-toxic.
================================================
Pathogenesis - EcL (The Escherichia coli Laboratory)
www.ecl-lab.ca
Potentially pathogenic bacteria are ingested by cattle and other ruminants (1) and colonize the intestinal tract, but do not cause any disease in these ...




Pathogenesis - EcL (The Escherichia coli Laboratory)
www.ecl-lab.ca498 × 335Search by image
Potentially pathogenic bacteria contaminating the environment are ingested by susceptible animals and enter the intestinal tract or enter via the respiratory tract (chickens) (1). These bacteria are considered to be opportunistic pathogens,

Common cattle diseases by Dr.Pavulraj.S, M.V.Sc., Pathology scholar, …
www.slideshare.net


The Central Cattle Breeding and Dairy Farm, Bangladesh waste ...
file.scirp.org

Panchagavya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panchagavya
Studies concerning ingesting individual components of Panchagavya, such as cow urine, have shown no positive benefit, and significant side effects, including ...
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
BACTERIA IN URINE OF CATTLE:-

Infectious Diseases of the Urinary System in Large Animals

www.merckvetmanual.com/.../urinary.../infectious...urinary.../bovine_cy...
Bovine cystitis is an inflammation of the urinary bladder of cattle that may ascend the ureters to cause infection of the kidneys (pyelonephritis). A similar condition ...
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New Research: Cow Pee Can Spread Antibiotic Resistance Through the Soil

By Lisa Raffensperger | November 12, 2012 12:50 pm
A row of cows' behinds
Antibiotic resistance is a well-known menace: Witness the dangers of hospital-acquired MRSA infections, or the totally drug-resistant tuberculosis found in India earlier this year. FDA statistics show that over 80 percent of antibiotics used in the US are given to livestock, and heavy animal use is thought to be one of the drivers of resistance among human pathogens. So it behooves veterinarians and public health officials alike to stamp out antibiotic resistance in animals.
In the hunt for how this resistance develops, though, scientists have been mostly looking at bacteria inside the digestive system. But it turns out they might have, er, the wrong end of things—a new study finds that drugs excreted in pee and feces may be even more worrisome than those circulating in the bloodstream.

As the antibiotic ceftiofur has become more widely used in cows to treat respiratory disease and infections, E. coli and Salmonella in their guts have become increasingly resistant to it. Similar drugs to ceftiofur are used in people to treat pneumonia and meningitis; the threat to human health is serious enough that earlier this year the FDA announced new restrictions on ceftiofur and its sister drugs. But the mystery has been how resistance develops in cattle. The drug is injected, not taken orally, and it doesn’t appear to act on cows’ guts.
To find out how resistance was spreading, Murugan Subbiah and colleagues at Washington State University first began with the fact that broken-down antibiotics have been found in cow feces and urine, and that these molecules are known to be lethal to bacteria. What remained to be seen, though, was whether urine could therefore shape the bacteria population in soil, encouraging resistant bacteria to spread.
In the study, published last week in PLoS One, the team had the icky task of collecting urine and feces from cows dosed with ceftiofur. When they mixed up cocktails of excrement and soil, they found that urine from treated cows killed off normal E. coli and encouraged the spread of the resistant ones. Thus, simply contaminating a patch of soil with pee may be enough to create resistant bacteria in the wild. And when dairy calves were given bedding sprayed with resistant E. coli, within a matter of days they showed resistant E. coli in their guts as well, showing how easily bacteria made resistant outside the cow’s body can leap into the cow’s guts.
Bacteria are well-known for swapping antibiotic-resistance genes amongst themselves, and this particular kind of resistance has been found to move easily between different species of bacteria. Thus resistant E. coli in the soil could spread their powers to numerous other kinds of pathogens also present there, including others that infect humans through meat or produce.
The scientists propose that if urine is to blame for passing on resistance, solutions may come easier—for instance, farmers may be convinced to change their waste management practices. Just don’t expect a cow potty anytime soon.
Image courtesy of St0rmz via Flickr.


M
A
W
M
A
W
M
A
W
M
A
W
E. coli
20
--
15
--
--
--
10
09
--
22
20
16
S. typhi
23
23
13
--
15
--
10
09
--
--
--
--
Prot.
vulgaris
13
15
15
15
15
16
10
17
12
11
15
--
B. subtilis
--
10
--
10
11
--
14
11
--
19
16
20
S. aureus
13
10
20
15
13
--
--
--
--
13
12
12
Signages: A: Acetone Extract;
M: Methanol Extract; W: Aqueous Extract; Zone of inhibition, in mm.
Signages: FU: Fresh Urine; SU: Sterile Urine; DU: Distilled Urine; PAU: Photo Activated Urine
Fig 1
Antimicrobial activity of different samples of cow urine
www.ijapbc.com
IJAPBC
–
Vol. 3(
4
),
Oct
-
Dec
, 2014
ISSN: 2277
-
4688
838
Table 1
Antimicrobial
activity of different samples of cow urine
.
Name of organism
FU
SU
DU
P AU
Escherichia coli
15
11
10
10
Proteus vulgaris
--
11
17
09
Salmonella typhi
20
15
--
20
Bacillus subtilis
16
11
09
12
Staphylococcus aureus
--
12
12
10
Aspergillus fumigatus
--
09
13
10
Candida albicans
--
08
11
07
Zone of inhibition, in mm.
Table 2
Antimicrobial activity of methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts of medicinal plants.
Name of
organism
SATAVARI
TULSI
GUDUCHI
ASHWAGANDHA
M
A
W
M
A
W
M
A
W
M
A
W
E. coli
20
--
15
--
--
--
10
09
--
22
20
16
S. typhi
23
23
13
--
15
--
10
09
--
--
--
--
Prot.
vulgaris
13
15
15
15
15
16
10
17
12
11
15
--
B. subtilis
--
10
--
10
11
--
14
11
--
19
16
20
S. aureus
13
10
20
15
13
--
--
--
--
13
12
12
Signages: A: Acetone Extract;
M: Methanol Extract; W: Aqueous Extract; Zone of inhibition, in mm.
Signages: FU: Fresh Urine; SU: Sterile Urine; DU: Distilled Urine; PAU: Photo Activated Urine
Fig 1
Antimicrobial activity of different samples of cow urine
www.ijapbc.com
IJAPBC
–
Vol. 3(
4
),
Oct
-
Dec
, 2014
ISSN: 2277
-
4688
838
Table 1
Antimicrobial
activity of different samples of cow urine
.
Name of organism
FU
SU
DU
P AU
Escherichia coli
15
11
10
10
Proteus vulgaris
--
11
17
09
Salmonella typhi
20
15
--
20
Bacillus subtilis
16
11
09
12
Staphylococcus aureus
--
12
12
10
Aspergillus fumigatus
--
09
13
10
Candida albicans
--
08
11
07
Zone of inhibition, in mm.
Table 2
Antimicrobial activity of methanol, acetone and aqueous extracts of medicinal plants.
Name of
organism
SATAVARI
TULSI
GUDUCHI
ASHWAGANDHA
M
A
W
M
A
W
M
A
W
M
A
W
E. coli
20
--
15
--
--
--
10
09
--
22
20
16
S. typhi
23
23
13
--
15
--
10
09
--
--
--
--
Prot.
vulgaris
13
15
15
15
15
16
10
17
12
11
15
--
B. subtilis
--
10
--
10
11
--
14
11
--
19
16
20
S. aureus
13
10
20
15
13
--
--
--
--
13
12
12
Signages: A: Acetone Extract;
M: Methanol Extract; W: Aqueous Extract; Zone of inhibition, in mm.
Signages: FU: Fresh Urine; SU: Sterile Urine; DU: Distilled Urine; PAU: Photo Activated Urine
Fig 1
Antimicrobial activity of different samples of cow urine



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Infectious Diseases of the Urinary System in Large Animals


Bovine Cystitis and Pyelonephritis



Etiology and Pathogenesis



Clinical Findings and Lesions



Diagnosis



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  • Bovine Cystitis and Pyelonephritis
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  • Swine Kidney Worm Infection


Bovine Cystitis and Pyelonephritis


(Contagious bovine pyelonephritis)


Bovine cystitis is an inflammation of the urinary bladder of cattle that may ascend the ureters to cause infection of the kidneys (pyelonephritis). A similar condition is seen in sheep. The condition is sporadic and worldwide in distribution. Cystitis and pyelonephritis are most often seen after parturition (in one study, the average days to onset after parturition was 83), with multiparous cows being at highest risk. In locations where the disease has been studied, the prevalence is low (<1%–2%). Cystitis and pyelonephritis are rare in male cattle.

Etiology and Pathogenesis


Formerly, the most common causative agents were the Corynebacterium renale group of bacteria, including C renale, C cystitidis, and C pilosum, as well as Escherichia coli; however, E coli and Trueperella (formerly Arcanobacterium or Corynebacterium) pyogenes are now the bacteria most frequently isolated from cows with pyelonephritis. Other opportunistic and environmental bacteria may be involved, including staphylococci and streptococci.


The most common causative bacteria are ubiquitous in the environment and are common inhabitants of the vagina and prepuce. Pyelonephritis develops from an ascending infection from the bladder. Cystitis may be present without involving the ureters or ascending to the kidney until some event occurs that compromises the defense mechanism of the ureteral mucosa. The organisms attack or colonize the mucosal lining of the bladder and ureters usually after some traumatic insult (such as parturition or abnormal deformity of the vaginal tract). The stresses of parturition, peak lactation, and a high-protein diet (which increases the pH of the urine and is therefore conducive to colonization of the urinary tract by Corynebacterium spp) are all contributing factors. Routine catheterization of the bladder with nonsterile catheters may facilitate transmission of Corynebacterium spp from cow to cow. The decrease in the frequency of urinary catheterization has been associated with a decreased prevalence of Corynebacterium spp as a cause of pyelonephritis.

Clinical Findings and Lesions


The first sign observed may be the passage of blood-stained urine in an otherwise healthy cow. As the infection proceeds up the ureters, causing inflammation and subsequent involvement of the kidney, the animal exhibits discomfort manifest by frequent attempts to urinate, anorexia, a slight fever, loss of production, colic with restlessness, tail switching, polyuria, hematuria, or pyuria. In chronic cases, the animal may show colic, diarrhea, polyuria, polydipsia, stranguria, and anemia. As the disease progresses, the bladder becomes thickened and inflamed. The ureters become thickened and dilated with a purulent exudate. The involved kidneys develop multiple small abscesses on the surface that may extend into the cortex and medulla.
Photographs
Pyelonephritis, chronic and acute
Pyelonephritis, chronic and acute

Diagnosis


Diagnosis is based on clinical signs; hematuria; a history of recent parturition; palpation of the left kidney for enlargement, loss of lobulation, and pain; ultrasonographic inspection of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder; endoscopic inspection of the bladder for detection of cystitis; microscopic examination of the urine for WBCs and bacteria; dipstick screening for proteinuria and hematuria; and quantitative urine culture to identify the organism. The right kidney cannot be palpated per rectum, except for the caudal pole in Jersey cows and heifers. In early acute cases of pyelonephritis, enlarged ureters and involvement of the kidney may not be detectable on palpation per rectum. Typically, only one kidney is affected.

Treatment


Early diagnosis and prompt, sustained treatment are needed for a successful recovery. A catheterized urine sample should be taken for culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The treatment of choice for pyelonephritis due to Corynebacterium spp is penicillin (22,000 IU/kg, IM, bid) or trimethoprim-sulfadoxine (16 mg combined/kg, IM, bid) for ≥3 wk. The dosage, frequency, and length of administration for both of these drugs is extra-label, and adequate precautions must be taken to prevent antibiotic residues from entering the human food supply. E coli infections require a broad-spectrum antimicrobial. Ceftiofur (1.1–2.2 mg/kg/day, IM or SC) or gentamicin (2.2 mg/kg, IM, bid) for ≥3 wk have been used successfully in some cases. Because of the extremely long tissue-depletion time, the aminoglycosides may not be indicated in food-producing animals. Manipulation of urine pH may theoretically be of value because E coli grow best in acidic urine (pH <7), whereas Corynebacterium spp grow best in alkaline urine (pH >7). Nonazotemic animals with pyelonephritis confined to one kidney may benefit from unilateral nephrectomy.

Even though the organisms are ubiquitous in the environment, affected animals should be isolated from the herd to restrict buildup of organisms. Because of suspicion that bulls may act as mechanical vectors of Corynebacterium spp, artificial insemination in herds with multiple animals affected may be considered.
Last full review/revision October 2014 by Peter D. Constable, BVSc (Hons), MS, PhD, DACVIM


Posted by Bamr Mann bombaymann@gmail.com at 5:38 AM
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