Washington, November 15:
Scientists have developed a coffee-cup-sized prototype of a surgically
implantable artificial kidney that uses a silicon nanofilter to remove
toxins, salts and other molecules from the blood.
The advance could be a promising alternative to kidney transplantation
or dialysis for people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), researchers
said. “We aim to conduct clinical trials on an implantable, engineered
organ in this decade, and we are coordinating our efforts with both the
NIH (US National Institutes of Health) and the US Food and Drug
Administration,” said Shuvo Roy, from University of California, San
Francisco.
Researchers prototyped and tested key components of the coffee-cup-sized
device, which mimics functions of the human kidney. One component of
the new artificial kidney is a silicon nanofilter to remove toxins,
salts, some small molecules, and water from the blood. Bangladesh born
Roy’s research team designed the device based on manufacturing methods
used in the production of semiconductor electronics and
microelectromechanical systems.
The new silicon nanofilters offer several advantages — including more
uniform pore size — over filters now used in dialysis machines,
according to Roy, who led the research together with William Fissell, a
professor at the Vanderbilt University in the US.
The silicon nanofilter is designed to function on blood pressure alone and without a pump or electrical power.
Fissell said the project’s goal is to create a permanent solution to the scarcity problem in organ transplantation.
(This article was published on November 15, 2015)
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